“不是为失败而生”英文怎么说？|《老人与海》

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今天给大家分享欧内斯特•米勒尔•海明威（Ernest Miller Hemingway）小说《老人与海》（The Old man and the Sea）节选的单词解析，译文是黄源深的版本，这个版本的译文读着比较通顺流畅。
《老人与海》围绕一位老年渔夫与一条巨大的马林鱼在湾流中的搏斗而展开。海明威笔下的老人是悲剧性的，但他身上却有着尼采"超人"的品质，泰然自若地接受失败，沉着勇敢地面对死亡，这些"硬汉子"体现了海明威的人生哲学和道德理想，即人类不向命运低头，永不服输的斗士精神和积极向上的乐观人生态度。
原文
It was too good to last, he thought. I wish it had been a dream now and that I had never hooked the fish and was alone in bed on the newspapers. "But man is not made for defeat, " he said. "A man can be destroyed but not defeated. " I am sorry that I killed the fish though, he thought. Now the bad time is coming and I do not even have the harpoon. The dentuso is cruel and able and strong and intelligent. But I was more intelligent than he was. Perhaps not, he thought. Perhaps I was only better armed.
黄源深译
好景不长，他想。我现在真希望这是一场梦，希望我根本没有钓到过这条鱼，希望正独自躺在床上铺的旧报纸上。"但是人不是为失败而生的"，他说，"一个人可以被毁灭，却不能被打败"。"不过我还是很难过，我竟宰了这条鱼, 他想。现在困难的时刻就要来临，而我连鱼叉也没有了"。登土鲨血腥、能干、强壮、聪明。不过我比它还聪明。也许不是这样，他想。也许只不过是我比它武装得更好而已。
单词解析
第一句：It was too good to last, he thought.
好景不长，他想。
1. last [læst] v. 持续；继续；延续；继续存在；持续起作用；持久；（在困境等中）坚持下去；超越（困境等）。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：
Each game lasts about an hour.
每场比赛约一小时。
It was too good to last是too...to太……而不能……句型，字面意思是太美好而难以持续下去，可以当作一个固定表达记下来，表示"好景不长"。
"好景不长"也可以说Good times do not last long/will not last. 比如汉英大词典上这句：
好景不长。
Good times do not last long.
补充："短暂的，昙花一现的"还可以说not last long，be short-lived。比如经济学人这句：
His contentment would be short-lived. France was bankrupt, and its monarchy an affront to the Enlightenment.
但这种令他满足的状况好景不长，法国陷于破产，其君主制也成为对启蒙运动的公然蔑视。
第二句：I wish it had been a dream now and that I had never hooked the fish and was alone in bed on the newspapers.
我现在真希望这是一场梦，希望我根本没有钓到过这条鱼，希望正独自躺在床上铺的旧报纸上。
1. 语法分析：当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。所以原文是I wish it had been a dream now and that ...补充完整是I wish (that) it had been a dream and that ...
2. 语法分析：wish虚拟语气，如果是对过去情况的愿望、遗憾等，用过去完成时。后面的"was alone in bed on the newspapers"用过去时，意思是希望现在正躺在床上。
3. hook[hʊk]：v.（使）钩住，挂住；（尤指用腿、胳膊、手指等）钩住，箍住；钓（鱼）。如柯林斯词典上这句：
At the first cast I hooked a huge fish.
第一次抛下钓线，我就钓了一条大鱼。
4. on the newspapers：床上有铺报纸，既说明家里条件艰苦，又说明老人爱看报纸。这本书其他地方也提到了这个：
随后他躺在了床上。他拉起毯子，盖住两肩，然后裹住了背部和双腿，脸朝下躺在报纸上，两臂伸得笔直，手掌向上。
Then he lay down on the bed. He pulled the blanket over his shoulders and then over his back and legs and he slept face down on the newspapers with his arms out straight and the palms of his hands up.
第三、四句："But man is not made for defeat," he said. "A man can be destroyed but not defeated."
"但是人不是为失败而生的"，他说，"一个人可以被毁灭，却不能被打败"。
1. be made for：为……而生，为……而做。如汉英大词典上这句：
All efforts are not made for nothing.
功不唐捐。
2. destroy[dɪˈstrɔɪ]：v. 摧毁；毁灭；破坏；（因动物有病或不再需要而）杀死，消灭，如牛津词典上这句：
Many a good man has been destroyed by drink.
许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。
第五、六句：I am sorry that I killed the fish though, he thought. Now the bad time is coming and I do not even have the harpoon.
"不过我还是很难过，我竟宰了这条鱼, 他想。现在困难的时刻就要来临，而我连鱼叉也没有了"。
1. sorry [ˈsɑːri]：adj. 难过；惋惜；同情；歉疚；惭愧；过意不去；后悔；遗憾；不忍。常见的搭配有be sorry that ...，be sorry to do something，feel sorry for。如汉英大词典上这句：
I am sorry to hear of your serious illness.
得悉病重，甚感难过。
还比如牛津词典这句：
I feel sorry for her, but the fact remains she lied to us.
我为她感到难过，可事实是她对我们撒了谎。
2. harpoon[hɑːrˈpuːn]：n. 渔猎标枪；鱼叉。如柯林斯词典上这句：
They tried to get the harpoon into the ray before the sting tail came lashing over to retaliate.
他们试图把鱼叉刺进鳐鱼体内，以防它猛摆那蜇人的尾巴报复。
还比如harpoon points鱼叉，鱼叉尖部。
第七句：The dentuso is cruel and able and strong and intelligent.
登土鲨血腥、能干、强壮、聪明。
1. dentuso：西班牙语，一般音译为登土鲨，登多索鲨。
2. cruel[ˈkruːəl]：adj. 残酷的；冷酷的；残忍的；残暴的；引起痛苦的。如牛津词典上这句：
It saddened her that people could be so cruel.
人竟能如此残忍，这让她痛心。
3. intelligent[ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt]：adj. 有才智的；悟性强的；聪明的；有智力的；有理解和学习能力的；智能的。如牛津词典上这句：
She was not only intelligent but also very musical.
她不仅聪明，而且极具音乐天分。
第八句：But I was more intelligent than he was.
不过我比它还聪明。
第九、十句：Perhaps not, he thought. Perhaps I was only better armed.
也许不是这样，他想。也许只不过是我比它武装得更好而已。
1. perhaps[pərˈhæps]：adv. 可能；大概；也许。如牛津词典上这句：
Perhaps, unconsciously, I’ve done something to offend her.
我也许无意中做了什么得罪她的事。
2. arm [ɑːrm]：v. 武装；装备；备战；给……装上引信；打开……的保险；准备发射。这里是武装的意思，是被动形式be done。主动就是arm somebody，如汉英词典中这句：
Driven beyond endurance, they led the villagers to arm themselves and prepare for action.
他们忍无可忍，领导乡亲们拿起武器准备行动。
armed也可以是形容词，比如牛津词典上这句：
This was the first time he had confronted an armed robber.
这是他第一次面对一个武装劫匪。
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